三七生长年限对5个皂苷及其抗血栓作用的影响

目的 通过比较分析不同生长年限对三七质量、皂苷含量及抗血栓作用的影响,为确定三七药材适宜的采收年限提供数据支持。方法 建立高效液相色谱法（HPLC）同时测定三七中人参皂苷Rg₁、人参皂苷Rb₁、人参皂苷Rd、人参皂苷Re、三七皂苷R₁ 5个主要皂苷,比较1—6年不同生长年限的三七有效成分的积累情况。同时,利用斑马鱼血栓模型比较1、2、3年生三七的抗血栓作用。结果 1—3年生三七质量、5个皂苷含量均随生长年限的增加逐渐累积,其中人参皂苷Rg₁和人参皂苷Rb₁的含量均较高,随年限变化最显著;而4—6年生三七中质量、皂苷含量受批次个体等影响较大,皂苷含量波动较大,与3年生三七相比差异无统计学意义。1—3年生三七抗血栓作用比较中发现,在相同剂量下,生长年限越长,疗效越好;在相同生长年限下,剂量越大,疗效越好。结论 综合品质、产量、种植成本及活性等因素,结合目前产地种植三七的实际情况,3年生三七整体品质较高且趋于稳定,可为三七标准化采收提供依据。     

延胡索药材干燥动力学及其化学成分变化规律研究

目的 建立延胡索Corydalis yanhusuo鲜品直接干燥、煮后及蒸后干燥的共有干燥模型,测定其干燥动力学参数,研究其有效成分在干燥过程中的变化规律。方法 应用10种（Page、Wang and Singh、Two-term exponential、Newton、Logarithmic、Aghbashlo、Two-term、Midilli、Diffusion approach、Weibull）薄层干燥模型对50、60、70、80 ℃条件下3种不同加工方式的延胡索药材的干燥曲线进行拟合,采用决定系数（R²）、卡方（χ²）及均方根误差（root mean squared error,RMSE）判断拟合方程的优劣;根据Fick扩散定律求算干燥动力学参数;根据化学动力学原理研究有效成分在干燥过程中的变化规律。结果 确定了3种不同加工方式的延胡索中药材干燥的共有模型（Midilli模型）,3种不同加工方法的延胡索药材的有效扩散系数（effective diffusivity,D_eff）值（7.09×10^-9～4.66×10^-8 m²/s）及活化能（activation energy,E_a）值（1.52～1.82 kJ/mol）,多糖、黄连碱、延胡索乙素、紫堇碱、总生物碱（原阿片碱、海罂粟碱、黄连碱、延胡索乙素、巴马汀、小檗碱、去氢紫堇碱、紫堇碱等8种生物碱含量的和）的变化均符合零级动力学规律,这5种化学成分的含量随干燥时间的增加而减少。结论 生品与煮品、蒸品的干燥效率在较低温度时存在较大差异,随着干燥温度的升高,这种差异逐渐缩小,蒸、煮在一定程度上有利于干燥;干燥过程对延胡索品质有较大影响;为延胡索药材干燥方法提供参考,对指导延胡索实际生产和提高其质量与品质具有重要意义。     

Exploring calcium channel blocker as a candidate drug for Pseudomonas aeruginosa through network pharmacology and experimental validation

Calcium channel blocker (CCB) is known to possess antibacterial effects. We aimed to apply network pharmacology (docking and protein–protein interaction [PPI] analyses) to predict the potential targets and mechanisms of CCB against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) as well as to verify the effect of these drugs. The chemical structures of three CCBs were obtained through the Drug Bank platform. The potential channel proteins, efflux pump proteins and ion channel proteins of CCB against bacteria were derived from the literature. These proteins were collected through the PDB and Uniprot platform. The binding mode of the docking complexes was simulated by the CB-Dock platform and Discovery Studio 2019 Client software. The PPI network was constructed by the String platform and Cytoscape 3.8.2 platform. GO was explained by the PANTHER platform. The pathway diagram was drawn with the Pathway Builder Tool 2.0 software. The inhibitory effect of CCB on PA was verified through antibacterial experiments. Finally, 76 proteins were obtained: the iron channel protein of PA demonstrated a good docking relationship with all three CCBs, and the optimum binding energy was approximately −9.0 kcal/mol. GO analysis (biological process [BP], cellular component [CC], and molecular function [MF]) of protein genes showed a good docking relationship (optimum binding energy <−8.0 kcal/mol). The MF annotation results indicated that the target of CCB may be present on the PA membrane protein. The ion channel protein PPI enrichment p-value was 6.65e-08, and PfeA showed the strongest correlation. The experimental results suggested that CCB could inhibit the growth of PA. CCB might be an effective and interesting antimicrobial treatment strategy as CCB can potentially inhibit the growth of PA.